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The HASH$ function changes the plain text in str_expr1 into a hashed eight-byte string value. It can be used to develop one-way hashed passwords. The optional text in str_expr2 and optional int_expr can be used to further make the hashed value unique.
| Example 6-69 HASH$ function |
|---|
password$ = hash$('TRUTH')
input 'Password': pwd$
if hash$(pwd$) = password$ then
print 'That was the correct password.'
else
print 'That was not the correct password.'
end if
end
password? MONEY
That was not the correct password.
|
LCASE returns a string expression with all letters in lower case. See Section 6.4.41, UCASE$(str_expr).
| Example 6-70 LCASE$ function |
|---|
print lcase$('IT HAS BEEN A WONDERFUL DAY!')
it has been a wonderful day!
|
LEFT$ returns the leftmost nn characters from a string. int_expr is the last character position to be included in the resulting string.
| Example 6-71 LEFT [$] function |
|---|
print left$('Hello there!', 3 )
Hel
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LEN returns the length of a string. It returns an integer.
| Example 6-72 LEN function |
|---|
print len('These are the built-in functions of SheerPower.')
47
|
LPAD$ pads a string on the left with pad characters. The default pad character is a space.
| Example 6-73 LPAD$ function |
|---|
print lpad$('123', 6, '0')
000123
|
LTRIM$ removes all leading spaces (those on the left side of the string).
| Example 6-74 LTRIM$ function |
|---|
print ltrim$(' This function gets rid of leading spaces to the left of a string.')
end
This function gets rid of leading spaces to the left of a string.
|
MAXLEN returns the maximum number of characters that a string variable can contain. Since all string variables are variable length with a maximum of 16711425, this function always returns 16711425.
| Example 6-75 MAXLEN function |
|---|
print maxlen('Hi')
16711425
|
MEM() returns a zero-terminated string where the first byte starts at the given memory address.
If the memory address passed to the MEM() function is not readable, MEM() returns a zero-length string.
The format for MEM() is:
string_result = mem(int_memory_address) |
Where STRING_RESULT is the zero-terminated string pointed to by the given memory address.
| Example 6-76 MEM function |
|---|
library 'msvcrt.dll' call 'ctime' (0%) // returns a pointer to a zero-terminated string mytime$ = mem(_integer) // get the string with the MEM() fuction print '-- '; mytime$ end -- Wed Dec 31 16:00:00 1969 |
MID$ or MID returns a substring from the middle characters of a specified string, leaving the string unchanged. int_expr1 is the starting position of the substring, and int_expr2 is the length of the substring. MID$(str_expr,int_expr1) will return the rest of the string.
| Example 6-77 MID [$] function |
|---|
a$ = 'beginmiddleend' middle$ = mid$(a$, 6, 6) end$ = mid$(a$, 6) print middle$, end$ end middle middleend |
Given the ASCII name of a character, the ORD function returns the location of that character in the ASCII character table. It returns an integer number.
| Example 6-78 ORD function |
|---|
print ord('H')
72
|
Given the location of a character in the ASCII character table, the ORDNAME$ function returns the name of that character.
| Example 6-79 ORDNAME$ function |
|---|
print ordname$(69) E |
PARSE$ splits a string into tokens and returns each token separated by a space. Letters are UPPERCASE except within quotes. Tail comments are ignored. Embedded "$" characters are allowed. Names/words can start with digits. The maximum line length is 1024 characters.
| Example 6-80 PARSE$ function |
|---|
a$ = 'company$ = 123abc$ + "and sons" !rnn' print parse$(a$) end COMPANY$ = 123ABC$ + "and sons" |
and
PIECE$ returns an element from str_expr1 specified by num_expr. str_expr1 contains a list of elements. The separator can be indicated by str_expr2. The default separator is a carriage-return line-feed pair.
These two functions are similar to the ELEMENTS() and ELEMENT$() functions except that:
| Example 6-81 PIECE$ function |
|---|
message 'Enter in a long line of text to be rewrapped. Then click DONE'
line input area 5, 10, 8, 60: text$
print at 10, 1: 'Rewrapped text'
wt$ = wrap$(text$, 1, 30)
print 'Number of lines: '; pieces(wt$)
print wt$
print
print 'First line was: '; piece$(wt$, 1)
end
+------------------------------------------+
|This line of text is long enough to be |
|rewrapped into more than one line. |
| |
| |
+------------------------------------------+
Done Back Exit Help
Enter in a long line of text to be rewrapped. Then click DONE.
This line of text is long enough to be rewrapped into
more than one line.
Rewrapped text
Number of lines: 3
This text is long
enough to be rewrapped into
more than one line.
First line was: This text is long
|
PRETTY$ converts text so that the text displays on any terminal. Named control characters show up with their names. Other control characters show up as {X} where "X" is the letter to press or as {XX} where "XX" is the hexadecimal value of the character.
| Example 6-82 PRETTY$ function |
|---|
a$ = 'Hello' + chr$(5) + chr$(161) + chr$(7)
print pretty$(a$)
end
Hello{^E}{A1}{bel}
|
The QUOTE$ function encloses a string expression in double quotes. If the string expression is already enclosed in double quotes, QUOTE$ leaves it alone. If the string expression is already wrapped in single quotes, QUOTE$ replaces them with double quotes. Elements double-quoted within the string expression are given another pair of double quotes (see following example). Elements single-quoted within the string expression are ignored.
| Example 6-83 QUOTE$ function |
|---|
do
clear
print at 1,1:
message 'Enter a line of text to be quoted'
print 'Text:'
input '', length 30: line$
if _back or _exit then exit do
if line$ = '' then repeat do
print
print 'Quoted text using the QUOTE$ function...'
print quote$(line$)
delay
loop
end
Text:
? The little boy cried "wolf!"
Quoted text using the QUOTE$ function...
"The little boy cried ""wolf!"""
|
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